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 In the winter of 1860-61 Virginians disagreed, debated, and eventually waged war on one another. Virginia split in the crisis and the map of the commonwealth changed. By 1863 western Virginians created a separate state and declared themselves sovereign and independent from Virginia. Over twenty-two regiments of West Virginians, more than 20,000 men, fought in the Union Army. This reconfiguring of Virginia made it the only Southern state to have its political boundaries redrawn in the war. Indeed, in all of American history only two states have been reconfigured to create another state: Massachusetts and Virginia.
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