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Date
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Events
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1896
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Plessy v. Ferguson upholds separation of races in public
transportation
|
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October, 1947
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State Board of Education determines Moton High School inadequate |
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1948-49
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Prince Edward County builds tar-paper shacks as temporary buildings for Moton High School. Also appoints committee to find site for new building |
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1950
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U.S. Supreme Court in Sweatt case rules against segregated law school; NAACP decides to change strategies--suits to be for desegregation rather than equalization |
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April 12, 1951
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Prince Edward County School Board starts process to buy land for new black high school |
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April 23, 1951
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Barbara Johns gets students into assembly by trickery, advocates student strike |
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April 25, 1951
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Oliver Hill and Spottswood Robinson meet with students in Farmville. Farmville Herald says strike was "student inspired" and "mass hookie" |
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April 26, 1951
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Mass meeting (1,000) in Moton auditorium; NAACP asked to "intervene" |
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May 21, 1951
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Prince Edward case filed |
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August, 1951
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Moton School loan approved by state (jumped up priority list after strike and suit filed) |
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1953
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New Moton School placed in use |
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May 17, 1954
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Brown decision announced: calls for "cool heads, calm study, and sound judgment" promises to consult leaders of both races. Senator Harry F. Byrd: decision "will bring implications and dangers of the greatest consequence" |
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June 26, 1954
|
Byrd announces he will use all legal means to continue segregated schools in Virginia. Governor Stanley pledges opposition |
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July 18, 1955
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3 judge Federal Court rules Prince Edward County would not have to desegregate in September |
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October 13, 1955
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Charlottesville black citizens apply for transfers to white schools |
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February 24, 1956
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Byrd calls for "massive resistance" |
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March 12, 1956
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101 members of Congress pass Southern Manifesto |
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May 3, 1956
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Prince Edward Board of Supervisors says it will not appropriate money for integrated schools in the fall--county did not think a court could make it appropriate money against its will |
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May 6, 1956
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Charlottesville parents sue school board; school board hires former governor John Battle for its defense on May 17 |
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June 12, 1956
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Arch-segregationist defeated in bid for Charlottesville City Council; winners call for defense of segregation "by any means short of abandonment of public education" |
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August 6, 1956
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Judge John Paul (U.S. District Court) orders Charlottesville to integrate Venable and Lane High Schools |
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1956
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General Assembly enacts massive resistance package; creates State Pupil Placement Board (no local authority) |
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March 25, 1957
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U.S. Supreme court refuses to hear Charlottesville appeal: dilemma: if school board refuses to integrate, members risk fines and jail; if they integrate, state will close schools |
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May 18, 1958
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Charlottesville Education Foundation formed |
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June 12, 1958
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Venable parents poll: 177 of 305 say they would accept some desegregation; 128 said close the school rather than integrate |
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August 22, 1958
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Emergency Mothers at Venable announce willingness to hold school |
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September 10, 1958
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Judge Paul orders 10 blacks to Venable, 2 to Lane |
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September 10, 1958
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CEF and Parents Committee announce they are ready to open schools if public schools close |
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September 19, 1958
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Lane High and Venable Elementary Schools closed. School Board says it is required to "relinquish all authority" to Governor |
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1958
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Charlottesville Education Foundation advocates permanent system of private segregated schools |
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September 24, 1958
|
Parents' Committee for Emergency Schooling in Charlottesville opens schools; 334 elementary students attend, CEF gets 186 students |
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October 8, 1958
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Judge Paul says public school teacher cannot be used unless emergency schools open to blacks |
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February 4, 1959
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Venable and Lane re-open |
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September 1, 1959
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Pupil Placement Board denies transfer of 11 blacks ordered transferred by Judge Paul |
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September 5, 1959
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Judge Paul orders 12 blacks transferred: 3 to Lane, 9 to Venable; says Pupil Placement Board, without "any validity whatsoever..." |
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September 8, 1959
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Desegregated schools open without incident in Charlottesville |
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September 28, 1959
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Charlottesville City Council appropriates money for tuition grant costs |
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February 23, 1961
|
Eugene Williams says "No other Southern City has accepted desegregation as well as Charlottesville has" |
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August 18, 1964
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State NAACP files suit challenging tuition-grant program |
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March 9, 1965
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Tuition grants held to be unlawful when schools were maintained predominately by the scholarship |